Vanara/System/Diagnostics/Job.cs

using Microsoft.Win32.SafeHandles;
using System;
using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Diagnostics;
using System.IO;
using System.Linq;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
using System.Security.AccessControl;
using Vanara.Extensions;
using Vanara.InteropServices;
using Vanara.PInvoke;
using static Vanara.PInvoke.Kernel32;

#if NET20

namespace System.IO
{
	/// <summary>Specifies whether the underlying handle is inheritable by child processes.</summary>
	public enum HandleInheritability
	{
		/// <summary>Specifies that the handle is not inheritable by child processes.</summary>
		None = 0,

		/// <summary>Specifies that the handle is inheritable by child processes.</summary>
		Inheritable = 1,
	}
}

#endif

namespace Vanara.Diagnostics
{
	/// <summary>The job limit type exceeded as communicated by a <see cref="JobNotificationEventArgs"/>.</summary>
	public enum JobLimit
	{
		/// <summary>The <see cref="JobNotifications.IoRateControlTolerance"/> or <see cref="JobNotifications.IoRateControlToleranceInterval"/> value was exceeded.</summary>
		IoRateControlTolerance = JOBOBJECT_LIMIT_FLAGS.JOB_OBJECT_LIMIT_IO_RATE_CONTROL,

		/// <summary>The <see cref="JobNotifications.IoReadBytesLimit"/> value was exceeded.</summary>
		IoReadBytes = JOBOBJECT_LIMIT_FLAGS.JOB_OBJECT_LIMIT_JOB_READ_BYTES,

		/// <summary>The <see cref="JobNotifications.IoWriteBytesLimit"/> value was exceeded.</summary>
		IoWriteBytes = JOBOBJECT_LIMIT_FLAGS.JOB_OBJECT_LIMIT_JOB_WRITE_BYTES,

		/// <summary>The <see cref="JobNotifications.JobLowMemoryLimit"/> value was exceeded.</summary>
		JobLowMemory = JOBOBJECT_LIMIT_FLAGS.JOB_OBJECT_LIMIT_JOB_MEMORY_LOW,

		/// <summary>The <see cref="JobNotifications.JobMemoryLimit"/> value was exceeded.</summary>
		JobMemory = JOBOBJECT_LIMIT_FLAGS.JOB_OBJECT_LIMIT_JOB_MEMORY,

		/// <summary>The <see cref="JobNotifications.NetRateControlTolerance"/> or <see cref="JobNotifications.NetRateControlToleranceInterval"/> value was exceeded.</summary>
		NetRateControlTolerance = JOBOBJECT_LIMIT_FLAGS.JOB_OBJECT_LIMIT_NET_RATE_CONTROL,

		/// <summary>The <see cref="JobNotifications.PerJobUserTimeLimit"/> value was exceeded.</summary>
		PerJobUserTime = JOBOBJECT_LIMIT_FLAGS.JOB_OBJECT_LIMIT_JOB_TIME,

		/// <summary>The <see cref="JobNotifications.RateControlTolerance"/> or <see cref="JobNotifications.RateControlToleranceInterval"/> value was exceeded.</summary>
		RateControlTolerance = JOBOBJECT_LIMIT_FLAGS.JOB_OBJECT_LIMIT_RATE_CONTROL,
	}

	/// <summary>
	/// Represents a system Job Object that allows groups of processes to be managed as a unit. Job objects are nameable, securable, sharable
	/// objects that control attributes of the processes associated with them. Operations performed on a job object affect all processes
	/// associated with the job object. Examples include enforcing limits such as working set size and process priority or terminating all
	/// processes associated with a job. For more information see
	/// <a href="https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/procthread/job-objects">Job Objects</a>.
	/// </summary>
	/// <seealso cref="System.IDisposable"/>
	public class Job : IDisposable
	{
		internal SafeHJOB hJob;
		private readonly IoCompletionPort complPort;
		private bool disposedValue = false;
		private JobLimits limits;
		private JobNotifications notifications;
		private JobProcessCollection processes;
		private JobSettings settings;
		private JobStatistics stats;

		private Job(SafeHJOB jobHandle)
		{
			if (jobHandle is null || jobHandle.IsNull)
				throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(jobHandle));
			hJob = jobHandle;

			// Create completion port
			complPort = IoCompletionPort.Create();
			complPort.AddKeyHandler(hJob.DangerousGetHandle().ToUIntPtr(), FireEventThread);
			AssociateCompletionPort(complPort.Handle, hJob.DangerousGetHandle().ToUIntPtr());
		}

		/// <summary>Finalizes an instance of the <see cref="Job"/> class.</summary>
		~Job() => Dispose(false);

		/// <summary>Action with a parameter passed by reference.</summary>
		/// <typeparam name="T">The parameter type.</typeparam>
		/// <param name="t1">The first parameter value.</param>
		internal delegate void RefAction<T>(ref T t1);

		/// <summary>Function with parameter passed by reference.</summary>
		/// <typeparam name="T1">The type of the parameter.</typeparam>
		/// <typeparam name="T2">The type of the return value.</typeparam>
		/// <param name="t1">The type instance on which to act.</param>
		/// <returns>The return value.</returns>
		internal delegate T2 RefFunc<T1, T2>(ref T1 t1);

		/// <summary>
		/// Indicates that a process associated with the job exited with an exit code that indicates an abnormal exit (see the list following
		/// this table).
		/// </summary>
		public event EventHandler<JobEventArgs> AbnormalProcessExit;

		/// <summary>
		/// Indicates that the active process count has been decremented to 0. For example, if the job currently has two active processes,
		/// the system sends this message after they both terminate.
		/// </summary>
		public event EventHandler<JobEventArgs> ActiveProcessCountZero;

		/// <summary>Indicates that the active process limit has been exceeded.</summary>
		public event EventHandler<JobEventArgs> ActiveProcessLimitExceeded;

		/// <summary>
		/// Indicates that the Settings property <see cref="JobSettings.TerminateProcessesAtEndOfJobTimeLimit"/> is set to
		/// <see langword="false"/> and the end-of-job time limit has been reached. Upon posting this message, the time limit is canceled and
		/// the job's processes can continue to run.
		/// </summary>
		public event EventHandler<JobEventArgs> EndOfJobTime;

		/// <summary>
		/// Indicates that a process has exceeded a per-process time limit. The system sends this message after the process termination has
		/// been requested.
		/// </summary>
		public event EventHandler<JobEventArgs> EndofProcessTime;

		/// <summary>
		/// Indicates that a process associated with the job caused the job to exceed the job-wide memory limit (if one is in effect). The
		/// system does not send this message if the process has not yet reported its process identifier.
		/// </summary>
		public event EventHandler<JobEventArgs> JobMemoryLimitExceeded;

		/// <summary>
		/// Indicates that a process associated with a job that has registered for resource limit notifications has exceeded one or more
		/// limits. The system does not send this message if the process has not yet reported its process identifier.
		/// </summary>
		public event EventHandler<JobNotificationEventArgs> JobNotificationLimitExceeded;

		/// <summary>
		/// Indicates that a process has been added to the job. Processes added to a job at the time a completion port is associated are also reported.
		/// </summary>
		public event EventHandler<JobEventArgs> NewProcess;

		/// <summary>Indicates that a process associated with the job has exited.</summary>
		public event EventHandler<JobEventArgs> ProcessExited;

		/// <summary>
		/// Indicates that a process associated with the job has exceeded its memory limit (if one is in effect). The system does not send
		/// this message if the process has not yet reported its process identifier.
		/// </summary>
		public event EventHandler<JobEventArgs> ProcessMemoryLimitExceeded;

		/// <summary>Exposes the handle (HJOB) of the job.</summary>
		/// <value>The handle.</value>
		public IntPtr Handle => hJob.DangerousGetHandle();

		/// <summary>Notification limits that can be set for various properties.</summary>
		/// <value>The notifications.</value>
		public JobNotifications Notifications => notifications ?? (notifications = new JobNotifications(this));

		/// <summary>Gets the processes assigned to this job.</summary>
		/// <value>The process list for the job.</value>
		public IReadOnlyCollection<Process> Processes => processes ?? (processes = new JobProcessCollection(this));

		/// <summary>Gets or sets the list of processor groups to which the job is currently assigned.</summary>
		public IEnumerable<ushort> ProcessorGroups
		{
			get
			{
				using var mem = new SafeHGlobalHandle(4);
				uint req;
				while (!QueryInformationJobObject(hJob, JOBOBJECTINFOCLASS.JobObjectGroupInformation, mem, mem.Size, out req))
				{
					Win32Error.ThrowLastErrorUnless(Win32Error.ERROR_MORE_DATA);
					mem.Size = req;
				}
				return mem.ToEnumerable<ushort>((int)req / 2).TakeWhile(id => id > 0);
			}
			set
			{
				using var mem = SafeHGlobalHandle.CreateFromList(value);
				if (!SetInformationJobObject(hJob, JOBOBJECTINFOCLASS.JobObjectGroupInformation, mem, mem.Size))
					Win32Error.ThrowLastError();
			}
		}

		/// <summary>Gets the hard limits for different runtime values of the job object.</summary>
		/// <value>The runtime limits.</value>
		public JobLimits RuntimeLimits => limits ?? (limits = new JobLimits(this));

		/// <summary>Gets the job settings.</summary>
		/// <value>The job settings.</value>
		public JobSettings Settings => settings ?? (settings = new JobSettings(this));

		/// <summary>Usage statistics for the job.</summary>
		/// <value>Usage statistics.</value>
		public JobStatistics Statistics => stats ?? (stats = new JobStatistics(this));

		/// <summary>Creates or opens a job object.</summary>
		/// <param name="jobName">
		/// <para>The name of the job. The name is limited to <c>MAX_PATH</c> characters. Name comparison is case-sensitive.</para>
		/// <para>If lpName is <see langword="null"/>, the job is created without a name.</para>
		/// <para>
		/// If lpName matches the name of an existing event, semaphore, mutex, waitable timer, or file-mapping object, the function fails and
		/// an exception corresponding to <c>ERROR_INVALID_HANDLE</c> is thrown. This occurs because these objects share the same namespace.
		/// </para>
		/// <para>The object can be created in a private namespace. For more information, see Object Namespaces.</para>
		/// <para>
		/// <c>Terminal Services:</c> The name can have a "Global" or "Local" prefix to explicitly create the object in the global or session
		/// namespace. The remainder of the name can contain any character except the backslash character (). For more information, see
		/// Kernel Object Namespaces.
		/// </para>
		/// </param>
		/// <param name="jobSecurity">
		/// An optional <see cref="JobSecurity"/> instance that specifies the security descriptor for the job object and determines whether
		/// child processes can inherit the returned handle. If <see langword="null"/>, the job object gets a default security descriptor and
		/// the handle cannot be inherited. The ACLs in the default security descriptor for a job object come from the primary or
		/// impersonation token of the creator.
		/// </param>
		/// <param name="inheritable">
		/// If this value is <see cref="HandleInheritability.Inheritable"/>, processes created by this process will inherit the handle.
		/// Otherwise, the processes do not inherit this handle.
		/// </param>
		/// <returns>
		/// If the function succeeds, the return value is a <see cref="Job"/> object. The handle has the <c>JOB_OBJECT_ALL_ACCESS</c> access right.
		/// </returns>
		/// <remarks>
		/// <para>
		/// When a job is created, its accounting information is initialized to zero, all limits are inactive, and there are no associated
		/// processes. To assign a process to a job object, use the AssignProcessToJobObject function. To get or set limits for a job, use
		/// the object's properties.
		/// </para>
		/// <para>
		/// All processes associated with a job must run in the same session. A job is associated with the session of the first process to be
		/// assigned to the job.
		/// </para>
		/// <para><c>Windows Server 2003 and Windows XP:</c> A job is associated with the session of the process that created it.</para>
		/// <para>
		/// If the job has the KillOnJobClose property set to <see langword="true"/>, closing the last job object handle terminates all
		/// associated processes and then destroys the job object itself.
		/// </para>
		/// </remarks>
		public static Job Create(string jobName = null, JobSecurity jobSecurity = null, HandleInheritability inheritable = HandleInheritability.None)
		{
			var sa = GetSecAttr(jobSecurity, inheritable == HandleInheritability.Inheritable, out var hMem);
			var job = new Job(CreateJobObject(sa, jobName));
			hMem?.Dispose();
			return job;
		}

		/// <summary>Performs an implicit conversion from <see cref="Job"/> to <see cref="HJOB"/>.</summary>
		/// <param name="job">The job.</param>
		/// <returns>The result of the conversion.</returns>
		public static implicit operator HJOB(Job job) => job.hJob;

		/// <summary>Performs an implicit conversion from <see cref="Job"/> to <see cref="SafeWaitHandle"/>.</summary>
		/// <param name="job">The Job instance.</param>
		/// <returns>The result of the conversion.</returns>
		public static implicit operator SafeWaitHandle(Job job) => new SafeWaitHandle(job.hJob.DangerousGetHandle(), false);

		/// <summary>Opens an existing job object.</summary>
		/// <param name="jobName">
		/// <para>The name of the job to be opened. Name comparisons are case sensitive.</para>
		/// <para>This function can open objects in a private namespace. For more information, see Object Namespaces.</para>
		/// <para>
		/// <c>Terminal Services:</c> The name can have a "Global\" or "Local\" prefix to explicitly open the object in the global or session
		/// namespace. The remainder of the name can contain any character except the backslash character (\). For more information, see
		/// Kernel Object Namespaces.
		/// </para>
		/// </param>
		/// <param name="desiredAccess">
		/// The access to the job object. This parameter can be one or more of the job object access rights. This access right is checked
		/// against any security descriptor for the object.
		/// </param>
		/// <param name="inheritable">
		/// If this value is <see cref="HandleInheritability.Inheritable"/>, processes created by this process will inherit the handle.
		/// Otherwise, the processes do not inherit this handle.
		/// </param>
		/// <returns>If the function succeeds, the return value is a <see cref="Job"/> object.</returns>
		public static Job Open(string jobName, JobAccessRight desiredAccess = JobAccessRight.JOB_OBJECT_ALL_ACCESS, HandleInheritability inheritable = HandleInheritability.None) =>
			new Job(OpenJobObject((uint)desiredAccess, inheritable == HandleInheritability.Inheritable, jobName));

		/// <summary>Assigns a process to an existing job object.</summary>
		/// <param name="process">
		/// <para>
		/// The process to associate with the job object. The process must have the PROCESS_SET_QUOTA and PROCESS_TERMINATE access rights.
		/// </para>
		/// <para>
		/// If the process is already associated with a job, this job must be empty or it must be in the hierarchy of nested jobs to which
		/// the process already belongs, and it cannot have UI limits set.
		/// </para>
		/// <para>
		/// <c>Windows 7, Windows Server 2008 R2, Windows XP with SP3, Windows Server 2008, Windows Vista and Windows Server 2003:</c> The
		/// process must not already be assigned to a job; if it is, the function fails with <see cref="AccessViolationException"/>. This
		/// behavior changed starting in Windows 8 and Windows Server 2012.
		/// </para>
		/// <para><c>Terminal Services:</c> All processes within a job must run within the same session as the job.</para>
		/// </param>
		public void AssignProcess(Process process)
		{
			if (process is null) throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(process));
			CheckState();
			if (!AssignProcessToJobObject(hJob, process))
				Win32Error.ThrowLastError();
		}

		/// <summary>Associates a completion port with this job. You can associate one completion port with a job.</summary>
		/// <param name="completionPort">
		/// The completion port to use in the CompletionPort parameter of the PostQueuedCompletionStatus function when messages are sent on
		/// behalf of the job.
		/// <para>
		/// Windows 8, Windows Server 2012, Windows 8.1, Windows Server 2012 R2, Windows 10 and Windows Server 2016: Specify
		/// <see cref="HANDLE.NULL"/> to remove the association between the current completion port and the job.
		/// </para>
		/// </param>
		/// <param name="key">
		/// The value to use in the dwCompletionKey parameter of PostQueuedCompletionStatus when messages are sent on behalf of the job.
		/// </param>
		public void AssociateCompletionPort(HANDLE completionPort, UIntPtr key = default) =>
			CheckThenSet((ref JOBOBJECT_ASSOCIATE_COMPLETION_PORT i) => { i.CompletionKey = key; i.CompletionPort = completionPort; });

		/// <summary>Determines whether the process is running in this job.</summary>
		/// <param name="process">
		/// The process to be tested. The handle must have the PROCESS_QUERY_INFORMATION or PROCESS_QUERY_LIMITED_INFORMATION access right.
		/// </param>
		/// <returns><see langword="true"/> if the job contains the specified process; otherwise, <see langword="false"/>.</returns>
		public bool ContainsProcess(Process process)
		{
			if (process is null) throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(process));
			CheckState();
			if (!IsProcessInJob(process, hJob, out var isIn))
				Win32Error.ThrowLastError();
			return isIn;
		}

		/// <summary>Performs application-defined tasks associated with freeing, releasing, or resetting unmanaged resources.</summary>
		public void Dispose()
		{
			Dispose(true);
			GC.SuppressFinalize(this);
		}

		/// <summary>Gets information about the control of the I/O rate for a job object.</summary>
		/// <param name="VolumeName">
		/// The name of the volume to query. If this value is <see langword="null"/>, the function gets the information about I/O rate
		/// control for the job for all of the volumes for the system.
		/// </param>
		/// <returns>
		/// An array of <c>JOBOBJECT_IO_RATE_CONTROL_INFORMATION</c> structures that contain the information about I/O rate control for the job.
		/// </returns>
		public JOBOBJECT_IO_RATE_CONTROL_INFORMATION[] GetIoRateControlInformation(string VolumeName = null) =>
			QueryIoRateControlInformationJobObject(hJob, VolumeName);

		/// <summary>
		/// Grants or denies access to a handle to a User object to a job that has a user-interface restriction. When access is granted, all
		/// processes associated with the job can subsequently recognize and use the handle. When access is denied, the processes can no
		/// longer use the handle. For more information see User Objects.
		/// </summary>
		/// <param name="hUserObj">A handle to the User object.</param>
		/// <param name="grant">
		/// If this parameter is <see langword="true"/>, all processes associated with the job can recognize and use the handle. If the
		/// parameter is <see langword="false"/>, the processes cannot use the handle.
		/// </param>
		/// <exception cref="NotImplementedException"></exception>
		/// <remarks>
		/// <para>
		/// The <c>GrantUserAccess</c> function can be called only from a process not associated with the job specified by the hJob
		/// parameter. The User handle must not be owned by a process or thread associated with the job.
		/// </para>
		/// <para>To create user-interface restrictions, user the <see cref="JobSettings.UIRestrictionsClass"/> property.</para>
		/// </remarks>
		public void GrantUserAccess(IUserHandle hUserObj, bool grant)
		{
			if (!User32.UserHandleGrantAccess(hUserObj.DangerousGetHandle(), hJob, grant))
				Win32Error.ThrowLastError();
		}

		/// <summary>
		/// Starts a process resource by specifying the name of an application and a set of command-line arguments, and associates the
		/// resource with a new Process component which is assigned to this job.
		/// </summary>
		/// <param name="filename">The name of an application file to run in the process.</param>
		/// <param name="arguments">Command-line arguments to pass when starting the process.</param>
		/// <returns>
		/// A new <see cref="Process"/> that is associated with the process resource, or <see langword="null"/> if no process resource is
		/// started. Note that a new process that's started alongside already running instances of the same process will be independent from
		/// the others. In addition, Start may return a non-null Process with its <see cref="Process.HasExited"/> property already set to
		/// <see langword="true"/>. In this case, the started process may have activated an existing instance of itself and then exited.
		/// </returns>
		public Process StartProcess(string filename, string arguments = null) => !string.IsNullOrEmpty(filename) ? StartProcess(new ProcessStartInfo(filename, arguments)) : throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(filename));

		/// <summary>
		/// Starts the process resource that is specified by the parameter containing process start information (for example, the file name
		/// of the process to start) and associates the resource with a new Process component which is assigned to this job.
		/// </summary>
		/// <param name="startInfo">
		/// The <see cref="ProcessStartInfo"/> that contains the information that is used to start the process, including the file name and
		/// any command-line arguments.
		/// </param>
		/// <returns>
		/// A new <see cref="Process"/> that is associated with the process resource, or <see langword="null"/> if no process resource is
		/// started. Note that a new process that's started alongside already running instances of the same process will be independent from
		/// the others. In addition, Start may return a non-null Process with its <see cref="Process.HasExited"/> property already set to
		/// <see langword="true"/>. In this case, the started process may have activated an existing instance of itself and then exited.
		/// </returns>
		public Process StartProcess(ProcessStartInfo startInfo)
		{
			startInfo.UseShellExecute = false;
			var proc = new Process { StartInfo = startInfo };
			proc.StartEx(CREATE_PROCESS.CREATE_SUSPENDED);
			try
			{
				AssignProcess(proc);
			}
			catch
			{
				proc.Kill();
				throw;
			}
			proc.ResumePrimaryThread();
			return proc;
		}

		/// <summary>
		/// Terminates all processes currently associated with the job. If the job is nested, this function terminates all processes
		/// currently associated with the job and all of its child jobs in the hierarchy.
		/// </summary>
		/// <param name="exitCode">The exit code to be used by all processes and threads in the job object.</param>
		public void TerminateAllProcesses(uint exitCode = 0)
		{
			CheckState();
			if (!TerminateJobObject(hJob, exitCode))
				Win32Error.ThrowLastError();
		}

		internal static SECURITY_ATTRIBUTES GetSecAttr(JobSecurity sec, bool inheritable, out ISafeMemoryHandle hMem)
		{
			hMem = null;
			if (sec is null && !inheritable) return null;
			hMem = new SafeHGlobalHandle(sec.GetSecurityDescriptorBinaryForm());
			return new SECURITY_ATTRIBUTES
			{
				bInheritHandle = inheritable,
				lpSecurityDescriptor = hMem.DangerousGetHandle()
			};
		}

		internal void CheckState()
		{
			if (disposedValue)
				throw new InvalidOperationException("Object has been disposed.");
		}

		internal T CheckThenGet<T>(JOBOBJECTINFOCLASS iClass = 0) where T : struct => CheckThenGet<T, T>(n => n, iClass);

		internal T CheckThenGet<T, T2>(Func<T2, T> func, JOBOBJECTINFOCLASS iClass = 0) where T2 : struct
		{
			CheckState();
			if (iClass == 0 && !CorrespondingTypeAttribute.CanGet<T2, JOBOBJECTINFOCLASS>(out iClass))
				throw new InvalidOperationException("Invalid property retrieval.");
			var n = QueryInformationJobObject<T2>(hJob, iClass);
			return func(n);
		}

		internal void CheckThenSet<T>(RefAction<T> action, JOBOBJECTINFOCLASS iClass = 0) where T : struct
		{
			CheckState();
			if (iClass == 0 && !CorrespondingTypeAttribute.CanSet<T, JOBOBJECTINFOCLASS>(out iClass))
				throw new InvalidOperationException("Invalid property retrieval.");
			var info = CorrespondingTypeAttribute.CanGet(iClass, typeof(T)) ? QueryInformationJobObject<T>(hJob, iClass) : default;
			action?.Invoke(ref info);
			SetInformationJobObject(hJob, iClass, info);
		}

		/// <summary>Releases unmanaged and - optionally - managed resources.</summary>
		/// <param name="disposing">
		/// <see langword="true"/> to release both managed and unmanaged resources; <see langword="false"/> to release only unmanaged resources.
		/// </param>
		protected virtual void Dispose(bool disposing)
		{
			if (!disposedValue)
			{
				if (disposing)
				{
					limits?.Dispose();
					notifications?.Dispose();
					processes?.Dispose();
					settings?.Dispose();
					stats?.Dispose();
				}

				// Close the completion port handle
				complPort.Dispose();

				// Close the job.
				hJob.Dispose();
				disposedValue = true;
			}
		}

		private void FireEventThread(uint msg, UIntPtr key, IntPtr ppid)
		{
			if (disposedValue) return;
			var t = new JobEventArgs((JOB_OBJECT_MSG)msg, ppid.ToInt32());
			switch (t.JobMessage)
			{
				case JOB_OBJECT_MSG.JOB_OBJECT_MSG_END_OF_JOB_TIME:
					EndOfJobTime?.Invoke(this, t);
					break;

				case JOB_OBJECT_MSG.JOB_OBJECT_MSG_END_OF_PROCESS_TIME:
					EndofProcessTime?.Invoke(this, t);
					break;

				case JOB_OBJECT_MSG.JOB_OBJECT_MSG_ACTIVE_PROCESS_LIMIT:
					ActiveProcessLimitExceeded?.Invoke(this, t);
					break;

				case JOB_OBJECT_MSG.JOB_OBJECT_MSG_ACTIVE_PROCESS_ZERO:
					ActiveProcessCountZero?.Invoke(this, t);
					break;

				case JOB_OBJECT_MSG.JOB_OBJECT_MSG_NEW_PROCESS:
					NewProcess?.Invoke(this, t);
					break;

				case JOB_OBJECT_MSG.JOB_OBJECT_MSG_EXIT_PROCESS:
					ProcessExited?.Invoke(this, t);
					break;

				case JOB_OBJECT_MSG.JOB_OBJECT_MSG_ABNORMAL_EXIT_PROCESS:
					AbnormalProcessExit?.Invoke(this, t);
					break;

				case JOB_OBJECT_MSG.JOB_OBJECT_MSG_PROCESS_MEMORY_LIMIT:
					ProcessMemoryLimitExceeded?.Invoke(this, t);
					break;

				case JOB_OBJECT_MSG.JOB_OBJECT_MSG_JOB_MEMORY_LIMIT:
					JobMemoryLimitExceeded?.Invoke(this, t);
					break;

				case JOB_OBJECT_MSG.JOB_OBJECT_MSG_NOTIFICATION_LIMIT:
					var vi = GetViolation();
					Debug.WriteLine($"Notification: {vi.ViolationLimitFlags}");
					foreach (var l in vi.ViolationLimitFlags.GetFlags().Cast<JobLimit>())
					{
						object v = null, n = null;
						switch (l)
						{
							case JobLimit.JobMemory:
								v = vi.JobMemory;
								n = vi.JobMemoryLimit;
								break;

							case JobLimit.PerJobUserTime:
								v = vi.PerJobUserTime;
								n = vi.PerJobUserTimeLimit;
								break;

							case JobLimit.IoReadBytes:
								v = vi.IoReadBytes;
								n = vi.IoReadBytesLimit;
								break;

							case JobLimit.IoWriteBytes:
								v = vi.IoWriteBytes;
								n = vi.IoWriteBytesLimit;
								break;

							case JobLimit.RateControlTolerance:
								v = vi.RateControlTolerance;
								n = vi.RateControlToleranceLimit;
								break;

							case JobLimit.IoRateControlTolerance:
								v = vi.IoRateControlTolerance;
								n = vi.IoRateControlToleranceLimit;
								break;

							case JobLimit.JobLowMemory:
								v = vi.JobMemory;
								n = vi.JobLowMemoryLimit;
								break;

							case JobLimit.NetRateControlTolerance:
								v = vi.NetRateControlTolerance;
								n = vi.NetRateControlToleranceLimit;
								break;

							default:
								Debug.WriteLine($"Unable to process notification: {vi.ViolationLimitFlags}, {vi.LimitFlags}");
								continue;
						}
						JobNotificationLimitExceeded?.Invoke(this, new JobNotificationEventArgs(t.JobMessage, t.ProcessId, l, v, n));
					}
					break;

				default:
					break;
			}

			JOBOBJECT_LIMIT_VIOLATION_INFORMATION_2 GetViolation()
			{
				using var mem = SafeHeapBlock.CreateFromStructure<JOBOBJECT_LIMIT_VIOLATION_INFORMATION_2>();
				if (!QueryInformationJobObject(hJob, JOBOBJECTINFOCLASS.JobObjectLimitViolationInformation2, mem, mem.Size, out _))
				{
					Debug.WriteLine($"Failed to get JOBOBJECT_LIMIT_VIOLATION_INFORMATION_2: {Win32Error.GetLastError()}");
					if (!QueryInformationJobObject(hJob, JOBOBJECTINFOCLASS.JobObjectLimitViolationInformation, mem, (uint)Marshal.SizeOf(typeof(JOBOBJECT_LIMIT_VIOLATION_INFORMATION)), out _))
						Debug.WriteLine($"Failed to get JOBOBJECT_LIMIT_VIOLATION_INFORMATION: {Win32Error.GetLastError()}");
				}
				return mem.ToStructure<JOBOBJECT_LIMIT_VIOLATION_INFORMATION_2>();
			}
		}

		internal class JobProcessCollection : JobHelper, IReadOnlyCollection<Process>
		{
			public JobProcessCollection(Job j) : base(j)
			{
			}

			/// <summary>
			/// The total number of processes currently associated with the job. When a process is associated with a job, but the association
			/// fails because of a limit violation, this value is temporarily incremented. When the terminated process exits and all
			/// references to the process are released, this value is decremented.
			/// </summary>
			public int Count => (int)job.CheckThenGet<JOBOBJECT_BASIC_ACCOUNTING_INFORMATION>().ActiveProcesses;

			public IEnumerator<Process> GetEnumerator() => new Enumerator(job);

			IEnumerator IEnumerable.GetEnumerator() => GetEnumerator();

			private class Enumerator : IEnumerator<Process>
			{
				private int i;
				private Job job;
				private Process[] procs;

				public Enumerator(Job j)
				{
					job = j;
					Reset();
				}

				public Process Current => procs[i];

				object IEnumerator.Current => Current;

				public void Dispose() => job = null;

				public bool MoveNext() => ++i < procs.Length;

				public void Reset()
				{
					i = -1;
					using var mem = SafeHGlobalHandle.CreateFromStructure<JOBOBJECT_BASIC_PROCESS_ID_LIST>();
					while (!Kernel32.QueryInformationJobObject(job, JOBOBJECTINFOCLASS.JobObjectBasicProcessIdList, mem.DangerousGetHandle(), mem.Size, out _))
					{
						Win32Error.ThrowLastErrorUnless(Win32Error.ERROR_MORE_DATA);
						mem.Size *= 2;
					}
					var l = mem.ToStructure<uint>();
					procs = mem.ToEnumerable<UIntPtr>((int)l, 8).Select(p => { try { return Process.GetProcessById((int)p.ToUInt32()); } catch { return null; } }).Where(p => p != null).ToArray();
				}
			}
		}
	}

	/// <summary>Contains information about a job object message.</summary>
	/// <seealso cref="System.EventArgs"/>
	public class JobEventArgs : EventArgs
	{
		internal JobEventArgs(JOB_OBJECT_MSG msg, int id = 0)
		{
			JobMessage = msg;
			ProcessId = id;
		}

		/// <summary>Gets the type of job message posted.</summary>
		/// <value>The job message.</value>
		public JOB_OBJECT_MSG JobMessage { get; }

		/// <summary>Gets the process identifier of the process referred to by the message.</summary>
		/// <value>The process identifier. This value can be 0.</value>
		public int ProcessId { get; }
	}

	/// <summary>Base class for other classes that support the <see cref="Job"/> object.</summary>
	/// <seealso cref="System.IDisposable"/>
	public abstract class JobHelper : IDisposable
	{
		/// <summary>The job object.</summary>
		protected Job job;

		/// <summary>Initializes a new instance of the <see cref="JobHelper"/> class.</summary>
		/// <param name="jobName">Name of the job.</param>
		protected JobHelper(string jobName) : this(Job.Open(jobName, JobAccessRight.JOB_OBJECT_QUERY | JobAccessRight.JOB_OBJECT_SET_ATTRIBUTES)) { }

		/// <summary>Initializes a new instance of the <see cref="JobHelper"/> class.</summary>
		/// <param name="job">The job.</param>
		protected JobHelper(Job job) => this.job = job;

		/// <summary>Performs application-defined tasks associated with freeing, releasing, or resetting unmanaged resources.</summary>
		public virtual void Dispose() => job = null;

		/// <summary>Gets field values from JOBOBJECT_BASIC_LIMIT_INFORMATION.</summary>
		/// <typeparam name="T">The return type.</typeparam>
		/// <param name="flag">The limit flag.</param>
		/// <param name="getter">The method to get the field.</param>
		/// <returns>The value.</returns>
		internal T? GetBasic<T>(JOBOBJECT_LIMIT_FLAGS flag, Func<JOBOBJECT_BASIC_LIMIT_INFORMATION, T> getter) where T : struct =>
			job.CheckThenGet<T?, JOBOBJECT_BASIC_LIMIT_INFORMATION>(n => n.LimitFlags.IsFlagSet(flag) ? (T?)getter(n) : null);

		/// <summary>Sets a field value in JOBOBJECT_BASIC_LIMIT_INFORMATION.</summary>
		/// <typeparam name="T">The field type.</typeparam>
		/// <param name="flag">The limit flag.</param>
		/// <param name="value">The value.</param>
		/// <param name="setter">The method to set the field.</param>
		internal void SetBasic<T>(JOBOBJECT_LIMIT_FLAGS flag, T? value, Job.RefAction<JOBOBJECT_BASIC_LIMIT_INFORMATION> setter) where T : struct =>
			job.CheckThenSet((ref JOBOBJECT_BASIC_LIMIT_INFORMATION i) => { i.LimitFlags = (JOBOBJECT_LIMIT_FLAGS)0xFF & i.LimitFlags.SetFlags(flag, value.HasValue); setter(ref i); });
	}

	/// <summary>Settings for <see cref="Job"/> that set limits for different runtime values.</summary>
	/// <seealso cref="Vanara.Diagnostics.JobHelper"/>
	public class JobLimits : JobHelper
	{
		/// <summary>Initializes a new instance of the <see cref="JobLimits"/> class.</summary>
		/// <param name="jobName">Name of the job.</param>
		public JobLimits(string jobName) : base(jobName) { }

		/// <summary>Initializes a new instance of the <see cref="JobLimits"/> class.</summary>
		/// <param name="job">The job.</param>
		public JobLimits(Job job) : base(job) { }

		/// <summary>
		/// <para>Gets or sets the active process limit for the job.</para>
		/// <para>
		/// If you try to associate a process with a job, and this causes the active process count to exceed this limit, the process is
		/// terminated and the association fails.
		/// </para>
		/// </summary>
		public uint? ActiveProcessLimit
		{
			get => GetBasic(JOBOBJECT_LIMIT_FLAGS.JOB_OBJECT_LIMIT_ACTIVE_PROCESS, n => n.ActiveProcessLimit);
			set => SetBasic(JOBOBJECT_LIMIT_FLAGS.JOB_OBJECT_LIMIT_ACTIVE_PROCESS, value, (ref JOBOBJECT_BASIC_LIMIT_INFORMATION i) => i.ActiveProcessLimit = value.GetValueOrDefault());
		}

		/// <summary>
		/// Gets or sets the job's CPU rate as a hard limit. If set, after the job reaches its CPU cycle limit for the current scheduling
		/// interval, no threads associated with the job will run until the next interval.
		/// </summary>
		/// <value>
		/// Specifies the portion of processor cycles that the threads in a job object can use during each scheduling interval, as a
		/// percentage of cycles. This value is greater than 0.0 and less than equal to 100.0. If this value is <see langword="null"/>, then
		/// this setting is disabled.
		/// </value>
		/// <exception cref="ArgumentOutOfRangeException">Value must be greater than 0.0 and less than equal to 100.0.</exception>
		public double? CpuRateLimit
		{
			get => job.CheckThenGet((JOBOBJECT_CPU_RATE_CONTROL_INFORMATION n) =>
				n.ControlFlags.IsFlagSet(JOB_OBJECT_CPU_RATE_CONTROL_FLAGS.JOB_OBJECT_CPU_RATE_CONTROL_HARD_CAP | JOB_OBJECT_CPU_RATE_CONTROL_FLAGS.JOB_OBJECT_CPU_RATE_CONTROL_ENABLE)
					? n.Union.CpuRate / 100.0 : (double?)null);
			set
			{
				if (value.HasValue && (value.Value <= 0.0 || value.Value > 100.0))
					throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException(nameof(CpuRateLimit));
				job.CheckThenSet((ref JOBOBJECT_CPU_RATE_CONTROL_INFORMATION i) =>
				{
					i.ControlFlags = i.ControlFlags.SetFlags(JOB_OBJECT_CPU_RATE_CONTROL_FLAGS.JOB_OBJECT_CPU_RATE_CONTROL_HARD_CAP | JOB_OBJECT_CPU_RATE_CONTROL_FLAGS.JOB_OBJECT_CPU_RATE_CONTROL_ENABLE, value.HasValue);
					i.Union.CpuRate = value.HasValue ? (uint)(value.Value * 100) : 0;
				});
			}
		}

		/// <summary>Gets or sets the CPU rate for the job as limited by minimum and maximum rates.</summary>
		/// <value>
		/// <para>
		/// Specifies the minimum and maximum portions of the processor cycles that the threads in a job object can reserve during each
		/// scheduling interval. Specify these rates as a percentage from 0.0 to 100.0.
		/// </para>
		/// <para>
		/// For the minimum rates to work correctly, the sum of the minimum rates for all of the job objects in the system cannot exceed
		/// 100%. After the job reaches the maximum limit for a scheduling interval, no threads associated with the job can run until the
		/// next scheduling interval.
		/// </para>
		/// <para>If this value is <see langword="null"/>, then this setting is disabled.</para>
		/// </value>
		/// <exception cref="ArgumentOutOfRangeException">
		/// Values must be greater than or equal to 0.0 and less than equal to 100.0 and the minimum value must be less than the maximum value.
		/// </exception>
		public (double minPortion, double maxPortion)? CpuRatePortion
		{
			get => job.CheckThenGet((JOBOBJECT_CPU_RATE_CONTROL_INFORMATION n) =>
				n.ControlFlags.IsFlagSet(JOB_OBJECT_CPU_RATE_CONTROL_FLAGS.JOB_OBJECT_CPU_RATE_CONTROL_MIN_MAX_RATE | JOB_OBJECT_CPU_RATE_CONTROL_FLAGS.JOB_OBJECT_CPU_RATE_CONTROL_ENABLE)
					? (n.Union.MinRate / 100.0, n.Union.MaxRate / 100.0) : ((double, double)?)null);
			set
			{
				if (value.HasValue && (value.Value.minPortion < 0.0 || value.Value.minPortion > 100.0 || value.Value.maxPortion < 0.0 || value.Value.maxPortion > 100.0 || value.Value.minPortion > value.Value.maxPortion))
					throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException(nameof(CpuRatePortion));
				job.CheckThenSet((ref JOBOBJECT_CPU_RATE_CONTROL_INFORMATION i) =>
				{
					i.ControlFlags = i.ControlFlags.SetFlags(JOB_OBJECT_CPU_RATE_CONTROL_FLAGS.JOB_OBJECT_CPU_RATE_CONTROL_MIN_MAX_RATE | JOB_OBJECT_CPU_RATE_CONTROL_FLAGS.JOB_OBJECT_CPU_RATE_CONTROL_ENABLE, value.HasValue);
					i.Union.MinRate = value.HasValue ? (ushort)(value.Value.minPortion * 100) : (ushort)0;
					i.Union.MaxRate = value.HasValue ? (ushort)(value.Value.maxPortion * 100) : (ushort)0;
				});
			}
		}

		/// <summary>Gets or sets the job's CPU rate when calculated based on its relative weight to the weight of other jobs.</summary>
		/// <value>
		/// <para>
		/// Specifies the scheduling weight of the job object, which determines the share of processor time given to the job relative to
		/// other workloads on the processor.
		/// </para>
		/// <para>
		/// This member can be a value from 1 through 9, where 1 is the smallest share and 9 is the largest share. The default is 5, which
		/// should be used for most workloads.
		/// </para>
		/// <para>If this value is <see langword="null"/>, then this setting is disabled.</para>
		/// </value>
		/// <exception cref="ArgumentOutOfRangeException">weight1to9</exception>
		public int? CpuRateRelativeWeight
		{
			get => job.CheckThenGet((JOBOBJECT_CPU_RATE_CONTROL_INFORMATION n) =>
				n.ControlFlags.IsFlagSet(JOB_OBJECT_CPU_RATE_CONTROL_FLAGS.JOB_OBJECT_CPU_RATE_CONTROL_WEIGHT_BASED | JOB_OBJECT_CPU_RATE_CONTROL_FLAGS.JOB_OBJECT_CPU_RATE_CONTROL_ENABLE)
					? (int)n.Union.Weight : (int?)null);
			set
			{
				if (value.HasValue && (value.Value < 1 || value.Value > 9))
					throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException(nameof(CpuRateRelativeWeight));
				job.CheckThenSet((ref JOBOBJECT_CPU_RATE_CONTROL_INFORMATION i) =>
				{
					i.ControlFlags = i.ControlFlags.SetFlags(JOB_OBJECT_CPU_RATE_CONTROL_FLAGS.JOB_OBJECT_CPU_RATE_CONTROL_WEIGHT_BASED | JOB_OBJECT_CPU_RATE_CONTROL_FLAGS.JOB_OBJECT_CPU_RATE_CONTROL_ENABLE, value.HasValue);
					i.Union.Weight = value.HasValue ? (uint)value.Value : 0;
				});
			}
		}

		/// <summary>
		/// Gets or sets the limit for the virtual memory that can be committed for the job.
		/// <para>If this value is <see langword="null"/>, then this setting is disabled.</para>
		/// </summary>
		public ulong? JobMemoryLimit
		{
			get => job.CheckThenGet((JOBOBJECT_EXTENDED_LIMIT_INFORMATION n) =>
				n.BasicLimitInformation.LimitFlags.IsFlagSet(JOBOBJECT_LIMIT_FLAGS.JOB_OBJECT_LIMIT_JOB_MEMORY) ? (ulong?)n.JobMemoryLimit : null);
			set => job.CheckThenSet((ref JOBOBJECT_EXTENDED_LIMIT_INFORMATION i) => { i.BasicLimitInformation.LimitFlags = i.BasicLimitInformation.LimitFlags.SetFlags(JOBOBJECT_LIMIT_FLAGS.JOB_OBJECT_LIMIT_JOB_MEMORY, value.HasValue); i.JobMemoryLimit = value.GetValueOrDefault(); });
		}

		/// <summary>
		/// Gets or sets the maximum bandwidth for outgoing network traffic for the job, in bytes.
		/// <para>If this value is <see langword="null"/>, then this setting is disabled.</para>
		/// </summary>
		public ulong? MaxBandwidth
		{
			get
			{
				var info = job.CheckThenGet<JOBOBJECT_NET_RATE_CONTROL_INFORMATION>();
				return info.ControlFlags.IsFlagSet(JOB_OBJECT_NET_RATE_CONTROL_FLAGS.JOB_OBJECT_NET_RATE_CONTROL_MAX_BANDWIDTH) ? (ulong?)info.MaxBandwidth : null;
			}
			set
			{
				job.CheckThenSet((ref JOBOBJECT_NET_RATE_CONTROL_INFORMATION i) =>
				{
					i.ControlFlags = i.ControlFlags.SetFlags(JOB_OBJECT_NET_RATE_CONTROL_FLAGS.JOB_OBJECT_NET_RATE_CONTROL_MAX_BANDWIDTH | JOB_OBJECT_NET_RATE_CONTROL_FLAGS.JOB_OBJECT_NET_RATE_CONTROL_ENABLE, value.HasValue);
					i.MaxBandwidth = value.GetValueOrDefault();
				});
			}
		}

		/// <summary>
		/// <para>Gets or sets the per-job user-mode execution time limit.</para>
		/// <para>
		/// The system adds the current time of the processes associated with the job to this limit. For example, if you set this limit to 1
		/// minute, and the job has a process that has accumulated 5 minutes of user-mode time, the limit actually enforced is 6 minutes.
		/// </para>
		/// <para>
		/// The system periodically checks to determine whether the sum of the user-mode execution time for all processes is greater than
		/// this end-of-job limit. If it is, the action specified in the <c>EndOfJobTimeAction</c> property is carried out. By default, all
		/// processes are terminated and the status code is set to <c>ERROR_NOT_ENOUGH_QUOTA</c>.
		/// </para>
		/// <para>If this value is <see langword="null"/>, then this setting is disabled.</para>
		/// </summary>
		public TimeSpan? PerJobUserTimeLimit
		{
			get => GetBasic(JOBOBJECT_LIMIT_FLAGS.JOB_OBJECT_LIMIT_JOB_TIME, n => n.PerJobUserTimeLimit);
			set => SetBasic(JOBOBJECT_LIMIT_FLAGS.JOB_OBJECT_LIMIT_JOB_TIME, value, (ref JOBOBJECT_BASIC_LIMIT_INFORMATION i) => i.PerJobUserTimeLimit = value.GetValueOrDefault());
		}

		/// <summary>
		/// <para>Gets or sets the per-process user-mode execution time limit.</para>
		/// <para>
		/// The system periodically checks to determine whether each process associated with the job has accumulated more user-mode time than
		/// the set limit. If it has, the process is terminated.
		/// </para>
		/// <para>If the job is nested, the effective limit is the most restrictive limit in the job chain.</para>
		/// <para>If this value is <see langword="null"/>, then this setting is disabled.</para>
		/// </summary>
		public TimeSpan? PerProcessUserTimeLimit
		{
			get => GetBasic(JOBOBJECT_LIMIT_FLAGS.JOB_OBJECT_LIMIT_PROCESS_TIME, n => n.PerProcessUserTimeLimit);
			set => SetBasic(JOBOBJECT_LIMIT_FLAGS.JOB_OBJECT_LIMIT_PROCESS_TIME, value, (ref JOBOBJECT_BASIC_LIMIT_INFORMATION i) => i.PerProcessUserTimeLimit = value.GetValueOrDefault());
		}

		/// <summary>
		/// Gets or sets the limit for the virtual memory that can be committed by a process.
		/// <para>If this value is <see langword="null"/>, then this setting is disabled.</para>
		/// </summary>
		public ulong? ProcessMemoryLimit
		{
			get => job.CheckThenGet((JOBOBJECT_EXTENDED_LIMIT_INFORMATION n) =>
				n.BasicLimitInformation.LimitFlags.IsFlagSet(JOBOBJECT_LIMIT_FLAGS.JOB_OBJECT_LIMIT_PROCESS_MEMORY) ? (ulong?)n.ProcessMemoryLimit : null);
			set => job.CheckThenSet((ref JOBOBJECT_EXTENDED_LIMIT_INFORMATION i) => { i.BasicLimitInformation.LimitFlags = i.BasicLimitInformation.LimitFlags.SetFlags(JOBOBJECT_LIMIT_FLAGS.JOB_OBJECT_LIMIT_PROCESS_MEMORY, value.HasValue); i.ProcessMemoryLimit = value.GetValueOrDefault(); });
		}

		/// <summary>
		/// <para>Gets or sets the working set size in bytes for each process associated with the job.</para>
		/// <para>Both <c>min</c> and <c>max</c> must be zero or non-zero.</para>
		/// <para>If this value is <see langword="null"/>, then this setting is disabled.</para>
		/// </summary>
		public (SizeT min, SizeT max)? WorkingSetSize
		{
			get => job.CheckThenGet((JOBOBJECT_BASIC_LIMIT_INFORMATION n) =>
				n.LimitFlags.IsFlagSet(JOBOBJECT_LIMIT_FLAGS.JOB_OBJECT_LIMIT_WORKINGSET) ? (n.MinimumWorkingSetSize, n.MaximumWorkingSetSize) : ((SizeT, SizeT)?)null);
			set
			{
				if (value.HasValue && ((value.Value.min == SizeT.Zero && value.Value.max != SizeT.Zero) || (value.Value.max == SizeT.Zero && value.Value.min != SizeT.Zero) || value.Value.min > value.Value.max))
					throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException(nameof(WorkingSetSize));
				job.CheckThenSet((ref JOBOBJECT_BASIC_LIMIT_INFORMATION i) =>
				{
					i.LimitFlags = i.LimitFlags.SetFlags(JOBOBJECT_LIMIT_FLAGS.JOB_OBJECT_LIMIT_WORKINGSET, value.HasValue);
					i.MinimumWorkingSetSize = value.HasValue ? value.Value.min : SizeT.Zero;
					i.MaximumWorkingSetSize = value.HasValue ? value.Value.max : SizeT.Zero;
				});
			}
		}
	}

	/// <summary>Contains information about a job object limit notification message.</summary>
	/// <seealso cref="JobEventArgs"/>
	public class JobNotificationEventArgs : JobEventArgs
	{
		internal JobNotificationEventArgs(JOB_OBJECT_MSG msg, int id, JobLimit k, object v, object n) : base(msg, id)
		{
			Limit = k;
			ReportedValue = v;
			NotificationLimit = n;
		}

		/// <summary>Gets the limit which was exceeded.</summary>
		/// <value>The limit.</value>
		public JobLimit Limit { get; }

		/// <summary>Gets the value of the notification limit.</summary>
		/// <value>The notification limit value.</value>
		public object NotificationLimit { get; }

		/// <summary>Gets the value of the limited item at the time of the notification.</summary>
		/// <value>The reported value at the time of notification.</value>
		public object ReportedValue { get; }
	}

	/// <summary>Settings for <see cref="Job"/> that set notification limits for different properties.</summary>
	/// <seealso cref="Vanara.Diagnostics.JobHelper"/>
	public class JobNotifications : JobHelper
	{
		/// <summary>Initializes a new instance of the <see cref="JobNotifications"/> class.</summary>
		/// <param name="jobName">Name of the job.</param>
		public JobNotifications(string jobName) : base(jobName) { }

		/// <summary>Initializes a new instance of the <see cref="JobNotifications"/> class.</summary>
		/// <param name="job">The job.</param>
		public JobNotifications(Job job) : base(job) { }

		/// <summary>
		/// <para>
		/// Gets or sets the extent to which a job can exceed its I/O rate control limits during the interval specified by the
		/// <c>IoRateControlToleranceInterval</c> member.
		/// </para>
		/// <para>If this value is <see langword="null"/>, then this setting is disabled.</para>
		/// <para>This member can be one of the following values. If no value is specified, <c>ToleranceHigh</c> is used.</para>
		/// <para>
		/// <list type="table">
		/// <listheader>
		/// <term>Value</term>
		/// <term>Meaning</term>
		/// </listheader>
		/// <item>
		/// <term>ToleranceLow</term>
		/// <term>The job can exceed its I/O rate control limits for 20% of the tolerance interval.</term>
		/// </item>
		/// <item>
		/// <term>ToleranceMedium</term>
		/// <term>The job can exceed its I/O rate control limits for 40% of the tolerance interval.</term>
		/// </item>
		/// <item>
		/// <term>ToleranceHigh</term>
		/// <term>The job can exceed its I/O rate control limits for 60% of the tolerance interval.</term>
		/// </item>
		/// </list>
		/// </para>
		/// </summary>
		public JOBOBJECT_RATE_CONTROL_TOLERANCE? IoRateControlTolerance
		{
			get => Get2(JOBOBJECT_LIMIT_FLAGS.JOB_OBJECT_LIMIT_IO_RATE_CONTROL, i => i.IoRateControlTolerance);
			set => Set2(JOBOBJECT_LIMIT_FLAGS.JOB_OBJECT_LIMIT_IO_RATE_CONTROL, value, (ref JOBOBJECT_NOTIFICATION_LIMIT_INFORMATION_2 i) =>
			{
				i.IoRateControlTolerance = value.GetValueOrDefault();
				if (value.HasValue && i.IoRateControlToleranceInterval == 0)
					i.IoRateControlToleranceInterval = JOBOBJECT_RATE_CONTROL_TOLERANCE_INTERVAL.ToleranceIntervalShort;
			});
		}

		/// <summary>
		/// <para>
		/// Gets or sets the interval during which a job's I/O usage is monitored to determine whether the job has exceeded its I/O rate
		/// control limits.
		/// </para>
		/// <para>If this value is <see langword="null"/>, then this setting is disabled.</para>
		/// <para>This member can be one of the following values. If no value is specified, <c>ToleranceIntervalShort</c> is used.</para>
		/// <para>
		/// <list type="table">
		/// <listheader>
		/// <term>Value</term>
		/// <term>Meaning</term>
		/// </listheader>
		/// <item>
		/// <term>ToleranceIntervalShort</term>
		/// <term>The tolerance interval is 10 seconds.</term>
		/// </item>
		/// <item>
		/// <term>ToleranceIntervalMedium</term>
		/// <term>The tolerance interval is one minute.</term>
		/// </item>
		/// <item>
		/// <term>ToleranceIntervalLong</term>
		/// <term>The tolerance interval is 10 minutes.</term>
		/// </item>
		/// </list>
		/// </para>
		/// </summary>
		public JOBOBJECT_RATE_CONTROL_TOLERANCE_INTERVAL? IoRateControlToleranceInterval
		{
			get => Get2(JOBOBJECT_LIMIT_FLAGS.JOB_OBJECT_LIMIT_IO_RATE_CONTROL, i => i.IoRateControlToleranceInterval);
			set => Set2(JOBOBJECT_LIMIT_FLAGS.JOB_OBJECT_LIMIT_IO_RATE_CONTROL, value, (ref JOBOBJECT_NOTIFICATION_LIMIT_INFORMATION_2 i) =>
			{
				i.IoRateControlToleranceInterval = value.GetValueOrDefault();
				if (value.HasValue && i.IoRateControlTolerance == 0)
					i.IoRateControlTolerance = JOBOBJECT_RATE_CONTROL_TOLERANCE.ToleranceHigh;
			});
		}

		/// <summary>
		/// Gets or sets the notification limit for total I/O bytes read by all processes in the job.
		/// <para>If this value is <see langword="null"/>, then this setting is disabled.</para>
		/// </summary>
		public ulong? IoReadBytesLimit
		{
			get => Get1(JOBOBJECT_LIMIT_FLAGS.JOB_OBJECT_LIMIT_JOB_READ_BYTES, i => i.IoReadBytesLimit);
			set => Set1(JOBOBJECT_LIMIT_FLAGS.JOB_OBJECT_LIMIT_JOB_READ_BYTES, value, (ref JOBOBJECT_NOTIFICATION_LIMIT_INFORMATION i) => i.IoReadBytesLimit = value.GetValueOrDefault());
		}

		/// <summary>
		/// Gets or sets the notification limit for total I/O bytes written by all processes in the job.
		/// <para>If this value is <see langword="null"/>, then this setting is disabled.</para>
		/// </summary>
		public ulong? IoWriteBytesLimit
		{
			get => Get1(JOBOBJECT_LIMIT_FLAGS.JOB_OBJECT_LIMIT_JOB_WRITE_BYTES, i => i.IoWriteBytesLimit);
			set => Set1(JOBOBJECT_LIMIT_FLAGS.JOB_OBJECT_LIMIT_JOB_WRITE_BYTES, value, (ref JOBOBJECT_NOTIFICATION_LIMIT_INFORMATION i) => i.IoWriteBytesLimit = value.GetValueOrDefault());
		}

		/// <summary>
		/// The notification limit minimum for the total virtual memory that can be committed by all processes in the job, in bytes. The
		/// minimum value is 4096.
		/// <para>If this value is <see langword="null"/>, then this setting is disabled.</para>
		/// </summary>
		public ulong? JobLowMemoryLimit
		{
			get => Get2(JOBOBJECT_LIMIT_FLAGS.JOB_OBJECT_LIMIT_JOB_MEMORY_LOW, i => i.JobLowMemoryLimit);
			set => Set2(JOBOBJECT_LIMIT_FLAGS.JOB_OBJECT_LIMIT_JOB_MEMORY_LOW, value, (ref JOBOBJECT_NOTIFICATION_LIMIT_INFORMATION_2 i) => i.JobLowMemoryLimit = value.GetValueOrDefault());
		}

		/// <summary>
		/// The notification limit for total virtual memory that can be committed by all processes in the job, in bytes. The minimum value is 4096.
		/// <para>If this value is <see langword="null"/>, then this setting is disabled.</para>
		/// </summary>
		public ulong? JobMemoryLimit
		{
			get => Get1(JOBOBJECT_LIMIT_FLAGS.JOB_OBJECT_LIMIT_JOB_MEMORY, i => i.JobMemoryLimit);
			set => Set1(JOBOBJECT_LIMIT_FLAGS.JOB_OBJECT_LIMIT_JOB_MEMORY, value, (ref JOBOBJECT_NOTIFICATION_LIMIT_INFORMATION i) => i.JobMemoryLimit = value.GetValueOrDefault());
		}

		/// <summary>
		/// <para>
		/// Gets or sets the extent to which a job can exceed its network rate control limits during the interval specified by the
		/// <c>NetRateControlToleranceInterval</c> member.
		/// </para>
		/// <para>If this value is <see langword="null"/>, then this setting is disabled.</para>
		/// <para>This member can be one of the following values. If no value is specified, <c>ToleranceHigh</c> is used.</para>
		/// <para>
		/// <list type="table">
		/// <listheader>
		/// <term>Value</term>
		/// <term>Meaning</term>
		/// </listheader>
		/// <item>
		/// <term>ToleranceLow</term>
		/// <term>The job can exceed its network rate control limits for 20% of the tolerance interval.</term>
		/// </item>
		/// <item>
		/// <term>ToleranceMedium</term>
		/// <term>The job can exceed its network rate control limits for 40% of the tolerance interval.</term>
		/// </item>
		/// <item>
		/// <term>ToleranceHigh</term>
		/// <term>The job can exceed its network rate control limits for 60% of the tolerance interval.</term>
		/// </item>
		/// </list>
		/// </para>
		/// </summary>
		public JOBOBJECT_RATE_CONTROL_TOLERANCE? NetRateControlTolerance
		{
			get => Get2(JOBOBJECT_LIMIT_FLAGS.JOB_OBJECT_LIMIT_NET_RATE_CONTROL, i => i.NetRateControlTolerance);
			set => Set2(JOBOBJECT_LIMIT_FLAGS.JOB_OBJECT_LIMIT_NET_RATE_CONTROL, value, (ref JOBOBJECT_NOTIFICATION_LIMIT_INFORMATION_2 i) =>
			{
				i.NetRateControlTolerance = value.GetValueOrDefault();
				if (value.HasValue && i.NetRateControlToleranceInterval == 0)
					i.NetRateControlToleranceInterval = JOBOBJECT_RATE_CONTROL_TOLERANCE_INTERVAL.ToleranceIntervalShort;
			});
		}

		/// <summary>
		/// <para>
		/// Gets or sets the interval during which a job's network usage is monitored to determine whether the job has exceeded its network
		/// rate control limits.
		/// </para>
		/// <para>If this value is <see langword="null"/>, then this setting is disabled.</para>
		/// <para>This member can be one of the following values. If no value is specified, <c>ToleranceIntervalShort</c> is used.</para>
		/// <para>
		/// <list type="table">
		/// <listheader>
		/// <term>Value</term>
		/// <term>Meaning</term>
		/// </listheader>
		/// <item>
		/// <term>ToleranceIntervalShort</term>
		/// <term>The tolerance interval is 10 seconds.</term>
		/// </item>
		/// <item>
		/// <term>ToleranceIntervalMedium</term>
		/// <term>The tolerance interval is one minute.</term>
		/// </item>
		/// <item>
		/// <term>ToleranceIntervalLong</term>
		/// <term>The tolerance interval is 10 minutes.</term>
		/// </item>
		/// </list>
		/// </para>
		/// </summary>
		public JOBOBJECT_RATE_CONTROL_TOLERANCE_INTERVAL? NetRateControlToleranceInterval
		{
			get => Get2(JOBOBJECT_LIMIT_FLAGS.JOB_OBJECT_LIMIT_NET_RATE_CONTROL, i => i.NetRateControlToleranceInterval);
			set => Set2(JOBOBJECT_LIMIT_FLAGS.JOB_OBJECT_LIMIT_NET_RATE_CONTROL, value, (ref JOBOBJECT_NOTIFICATION_LIMIT_INFORMATION_2 i) =>
			{
				i.NetRateControlToleranceInterval = value.GetValueOrDefault();
				if (value.HasValue && i.NetRateControlTolerance == 0)
					i.NetRateControlTolerance = JOBOBJECT_RATE_CONTROL_TOLERANCE.ToleranceHigh;
			});
		}

		/// <summary>
		/// <para>Gets or sets the notification limit for per-job user-mode execution time, in 100-nanosecond ticks.</para>
		/// <para>If this value is <see langword="null"/>, then this setting is disabled.</para>
		/// <para>
		/// The system adds the accumulated execution time of processes associated with the job to this limit when the limit is set. For
		/// example, if a process associated with the job has already accumulated 5 minutes of user-mode execution time and the limit is set
		/// to 1 minute, the limit actually enforced is 6 minutes.
		/// </para>
		/// <para>
		/// To specify <c>PerJobUserTimeLimit</c> as an enforceable limit and terminate processes in jobs that exceed the limit, see the
		/// <c>JOBOBJECT_BASIC_LIMIT_INFORMATION</c> structure.
		/// </para>
		/// </summary>
		public TimeSpan? PerJobUserTimeLimit
		{
			get => Get1(JOBOBJECT_LIMIT_FLAGS.JOB_OBJECT_LIMIT_JOB_TIME, i => i.PerJobUserTimeLimit);
			set => Set1(JOBOBJECT_LIMIT_FLAGS.JOB_OBJECT_LIMIT_JOB_TIME, value, (ref JOBOBJECT_NOTIFICATION_LIMIT_INFORMATION i) => i.PerJobUserTimeLimit = value.GetValueOrDefault());
		}

		/// <summary>
		/// <para>
		/// Gets or sets the extent to which a job can exceed its CPU rate control limits during the interval specified by the
		/// <c>RateControlToleranceInterval</c> member.
		/// </para>
		/// <para>If this value is <see langword="null"/>, then this setting is disabled.</para>
		/// <para>This member can be one of the following values. If no value is specified, <c>ToleranceHigh</c> is used.</para>
		/// <para>
		/// <list type="table">
		/// <listheader>
		/// <term>Value</term>
		/// <term>Meaning</term>
		/// </listheader>
		/// <item>
		/// <term>ToleranceLow</term>
		/// <term>The job can exceed its CPU rate control limits for 20% of the tolerance interval.</term>
		/// </item>
		/// <item>
		/// <term>ToleranceMedium</term>
		/// <term>The job can exceed its CPU rate control limits for 40% of the tolerance interval.</term>
		/// </item>
		/// <item>
		/// <term>ToleranceHigh</term>
		/// <term>The job can exceed its CPU rate control limits for 60% of the tolerance interval.</term>
		/// </item>
		/// </list>
		/// </para>
		/// </summary>
		public JOBOBJECT_RATE_CONTROL_TOLERANCE? RateControlTolerance
		{
			get => Get1(JOBOBJECT_LIMIT_FLAGS.JOB_OBJECT_LIMIT_RATE_CONTROL, i => i.RateControlTolerance);
			set => Set1(JOBOBJECT_LIMIT_FLAGS.JOB_OBJECT_LIMIT_RATE_CONTROL, value, (ref JOBOBJECT_NOTIFICATION_LIMIT_INFORMATION i) =>
			{
				i.RateControlTolerance = value.GetValueOrDefault();
				if (value.HasValue && i.RateControlToleranceInterval == 0)
					i.RateControlToleranceInterval = JOBOBJECT_RATE_CONTROL_TOLERANCE_INTERVAL.ToleranceIntervalShort;
			});
		}

		/// <summary>
		/// <para>
		/// Gets or sets the interval during which a job's CPU usage is monitored to determine whether the job has exceeded its CPU rate
		/// control limits.
		/// </para>
		/// <para>If this value is <see langword="null"/>, then this setting is disabled.</para>
		/// <para>This member can be one of the following values. If no value is specified, <c>ToleranceIntervalShort</c> is used.</para>
		/// <para>
		/// <list type="table">
		/// <listheader>
		/// <term>Value</term>
		/// <term>Meaning</term>
		/// </listheader>
		/// <item>
		/// <term>ToleranceIntervalShort</term>
		/// <term>The tolerance interval is 10 seconds.</term>
		/// </item>
		/// <item>
		/// <term>ToleranceIntervalMedium</term>
		/// <term>The tolerance interval is one minute.</term>
		/// </item>
		/// <item>
		/// <term>ToleranceIntervalLong</term>
		/// <term>The tolerance interval is 10 minutes.</term>
		/// </item>
		/// </list>
		/// </para>
		/// </summary>
		public JOBOBJECT_RATE_CONTROL_TOLERANCE_INTERVAL? RateControlToleranceInterval
		{
			get => Get1(JOBOBJECT_LIMIT_FLAGS.JOB_OBJECT_LIMIT_RATE_CONTROL, i => i.RateControlToleranceInterval);
			set => Set1(JOBOBJECT_LIMIT_FLAGS.JOB_OBJECT_LIMIT_RATE_CONTROL, value, (ref JOBOBJECT_NOTIFICATION_LIMIT_INFORMATION i) =>
			{
				i.RateControlToleranceInterval = value.GetValueOrDefault();
				if (value.HasValue && i.RateControlTolerance == 0)
					i.RateControlTolerance = JOBOBJECT_RATE_CONTROL_TOLERANCE.ToleranceHigh;
			});
		}

		/// <summary>Gets field values from JOBOBJECT_NOTIFICATION_LIMIT_INFORMATION.</summary>
		/// <typeparam name="T">The return type.</typeparam>
		/// <param name="flag">The limit flag.</param>
		/// <param name="getter">The method to get the field.</param>
		/// <returns>The value.</returns>
		private T? Get1<T>(JOBOBJECT_LIMIT_FLAGS flag, Func<JOBOBJECT_NOTIFICATION_LIMIT_INFORMATION, T> getter) where T : struct =>
			job.CheckThenGet<T?, JOBOBJECT_NOTIFICATION_LIMIT_INFORMATION>(n => n.LimitFlags.IsFlagSet(flag) ? (T?)getter(n) : null);

		/// <summary>Gets field values from JOBOBJECT_NOTIFICATION_LIMIT_INFORMATION_2.</summary>
		/// <typeparam name="T">The return type.</typeparam>
		/// <param name="flag">The limit flag.</param>
		/// <param name="getter">The method to get the field.</param>
		/// <returns>The value.</returns>
		private T? Get2<T>(JOBOBJECT_LIMIT_FLAGS flag, Func<JOBOBJECT_NOTIFICATION_LIMIT_INFORMATION_2, T> getter) where T : struct =>
			job.CheckThenGet<T?, JOBOBJECT_NOTIFICATION_LIMIT_INFORMATION_2>(n => n.LimitFlags.IsFlagSet(flag) ? (T?)getter(n) : null);

		/// <summary>Sets a field value in JOBOBJECT_NOTIFICATION_LIMIT_INFORMATION.</summary>
		/// <typeparam name="T">The field type.</typeparam>
		/// <param name="flag">The limit flag.</param>
		/// <param name="value">The value.</param>
		/// <param name="setter">The method to set the field.</param>
		private void Set1<T>(JOBOBJECT_LIMIT_FLAGS flag, T? value, Job.RefAction<JOBOBJECT_NOTIFICATION_LIMIT_INFORMATION> setter) where T : struct =>
			job.CheckThenSet((ref JOBOBJECT_NOTIFICATION_LIMIT_INFORMATION i) => { i.LimitFlags = i.LimitFlags.SetFlags(flag, value.HasValue); setter(ref i); });

		/// <summary>Sets a field value in JOBOBJECT_NOTIFICATION_LIMIT_INFORMATION_2.</summary>
		/// <typeparam name="T">The field type.</typeparam>
		/// <param name="flag">The limit flag.</param>
		/// <param name="value">The value.</param>
		/// <param name="setter">The method to set the field.</param>
		private void Set2<T>(JOBOBJECT_LIMIT_FLAGS flag, T? value, Job.RefAction<JOBOBJECT_NOTIFICATION_LIMIT_INFORMATION_2> setter) where T : struct =>
			job.CheckThenSet((ref JOBOBJECT_NOTIFICATION_LIMIT_INFORMATION_2 i) => { i.LimitFlags = i.LimitFlags.SetFlags(flag, value.HasValue); setter(ref i); });
	}

	/// <summary>Represents the security access rights of a job object.</summary>
	public class JobSecurity : ObjectSecurity<JobAccessRight>
	{
		/// <summary/>
		public JobSecurity() : base(true, System.Security.AccessControl.ResourceType.KernelObject) { }
	}

	/// <summary>Settings related to job objects.</summary>
	public class JobSettings : JobHelper
	{
		/// <summary>Initializes a new instance of the <see cref="JobSettings"/> class.</summary>
		/// <param name="jobName">Name of the job.</param>
		public JobSettings(string jobName) : base(jobName) { }

		/// <summary>Initializes a new instance of the <see cref="JobSettings"/> class.</summary>
		/// <param name="job">The job.</param>
		public JobSettings(Job job) : base(job) { }

		/// <summary>
		/// <para>Gets or sets the processor affinity for all processes associated with the job.</para>
		/// <para>
		/// The affinity must be a subset of the system affinity mask obtained by calling the <c>GetProcessAffinityMask</c> function. The
		/// affinity of each thread is set to this value, but threads are free to subsequently set their affinity, as long as it is a subset
		/// of the specified affinity mask. Processes cannot set their own affinity mask.
		/// </para>
		/// <para>If this value is <see langword="null"/>, then this setting is disabled.</para>
		/// </summary>
		public UIntPtr? Affinity
		{
			get => GetBasic(JOBOBJECT_LIMIT_FLAGS.JOB_OBJECT_LIMIT_AFFINITY, n => n.Affinity);
			set => SetBasic(JOBOBJECT_LIMIT_FLAGS.JOB_OBJECT_LIMIT_AFFINITY, value, (ref JOBOBJECT_BASIC_LIMIT_INFORMATION i) => i.Affinity = value.GetValueOrDefault());
		}

		/// <summary>
		/// If any process associated with the job creates a child process using the CREATE_BREAKAWAY_FROM_JOB flag while this value is
		/// <see langword="true"/>, the child process is not associated with the job.
		/// </summary>
		public bool ChildProcessBreakawayAllowed
		{
			get => job.CheckThenGet<JOBOBJECT_EXTENDED_LIMIT_INFORMATION>().BasicLimitInformation.LimitFlags.IsFlagSet(JOBOBJECT_LIMIT_FLAGS.JOB_OBJECT_LIMIT_BREAKAWAY_OK);
			set => job.CheckThenSet((ref JOBOBJECT_EXTENDED_LIMIT_INFORMATION i) => { i.BasicLimitInformation.LimitFlags = i.BasicLimitInformation.LimitFlags.SetFlags(JOBOBJECT_LIMIT_FLAGS.JOB_OBJECT_LIMIT_BREAKAWAY_OK, value); });
		}

		/// <summary>
		/// If <see langword="true"/>, allows any process associated with the job to create child processes that are not associated with the
		/// job. If the job is nested and its immediate job object allows breakaway, the child process breaks away from the immediate job
		/// object and from each job in the parent job chain, moving up the hierarchy until it reaches a job that does not permit breakaway.
		/// If the immediate job object does not allow breakaway, the child process does not break away even if jobs in its parent job chain
		/// allow it.
		/// </summary>
		public bool ChildProcessSilentBreakawayAllowed
		{
			get => job.CheckThenGet<JOBOBJECT_EXTENDED_LIMIT_INFORMATION>().BasicLimitInformation.LimitFlags.IsFlagSet(JOBOBJECT_LIMIT_FLAGS.JOB_OBJECT_LIMIT_SILENT_BREAKAWAY_OK);
			set => job.CheckThenSet((ref JOBOBJECT_EXTENDED_LIMIT_INFORMATION i) => { i.BasicLimitInformation.LimitFlags = i.BasicLimitInformation.LimitFlags.SetFlags(JOBOBJECT_LIMIT_FLAGS.JOB_OBJECT_LIMIT_SILENT_BREAKAWAY_OK, value); });
		}

		/// <summary>
		/// If <see langword="true"/>, Forces a call to the SetErrorMode function with the SEM_NOGPFAULTERRORBOX flag for each process
		/// associated with the job. If an exception occurs and the system calls the UnhandledExceptionFilter function, the debugger will be
		/// given a chance to act. If there is no debugger, the functions returns EXCEPTION_EXECUTE_HANDLER. Normally, this will cause
		/// termination of the process with the exception code as the exit status.
		/// </summary>
		public bool DieOnUnhandledException
		{
			get => job.CheckThenGet<JOBOBJECT_EXTENDED_LIMIT_INFORMATION>().BasicLimitInformation.LimitFlags.IsFlagSet(JOBOBJECT_LIMIT_FLAGS.JOB_OBJECT_LIMIT_DIE_ON_UNHANDLED_EXCEPTION);
			set => job.CheckThenSet((ref JOBOBJECT_EXTENDED_LIMIT_INFORMATION i) => { i.BasicLimitInformation.LimitFlags = i.BasicLimitInformation.LimitFlags.SetFlags(JOBOBJECT_LIMIT_FLAGS.JOB_OBJECT_LIMIT_DIE_ON_UNHANDLED_EXCEPTION, value); });
		}

		/// <summary>
		/// The value to use for the Differentiated Service code point (DSCP) field to turn on network quality of service (QoS) for all
		/// outgoing network traffic generated by the processes of the job object. The valid range is from 0x00 through 0x3F. For information
		/// about DSCP, see Differentiated Services.
		/// <para>If this value is <see langword="null"/>, then this setting is disabled.</para>
		/// </summary>
		public byte? DscpTag
		{
			get
			{
				var info = job.CheckThenGet<JOBOBJECT_NET_RATE_CONTROL_INFORMATION>();
				return info.ControlFlags.IsFlagSet(JOB_OBJECT_NET_RATE_CONTROL_FLAGS.JOB_OBJECT_NET_RATE_CONTROL_DSCP_TAG | JOB_OBJECT_NET_RATE_CONTROL_FLAGS.JOB_OBJECT_NET_RATE_CONTROL_ENABLE) ? (byte?)info.DscpTag : null;
			}
			set
			{
				if (value > 0x3F)
					throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException(nameof(DscpTag));
				var flag = JOB_OBJECT_NET_RATE_CONTROL_FLAGS.JOB_OBJECT_NET_RATE_CONTROL_DSCP_TAG;
				if (value.HasValue) flag |= JOB_OBJECT_NET_RATE_CONTROL_FLAGS.JOB_OBJECT_NET_RATE_CONTROL_ENABLE;
				job.CheckThenSet((ref JOBOBJECT_NET_RATE_CONTROL_INFORMATION i) => { i.ControlFlags = flag; i.DscpTag = value.GetValueOrDefault(); });
			}
		}

		/// <summary>Gets or sets the list of processor groups to which the job is currently assigned.</summary>
		public IEnumerable<GROUP_AFFINITY> GroupAffinity
		{
			get
			{
				var gaSz = Marshal.SizeOf(typeof(GROUP_AFFINITY));
				using var mem = new SafeHGlobalHandle(gaSz);
				uint req;
				while (!QueryInformationJobObject(job.hJob, JOBOBJECTINFOCLASS.JobObjectGroupInformationEx, mem, mem.Size, out req))
				{
					Win32Error.ThrowLastErrorUnless(Win32Error.ERROR_MORE_DATA);
					mem.Size = req;
				}
				return mem.ToArray<GROUP_AFFINITY>((int)req / gaSz);
			}
			set
			{
				using var mem = SafeHGlobalHandle.CreateFromList(value);
				if (!SetInformationJobObject(job.hJob, JOBOBJECTINFOCLASS.JobObjectGroupInformationEx, mem, mem.Size))
					Win32Error.ThrowLastError();
			}
		}

		/// <summary>Causes all processes associated with the job to terminate when the last handle to the job is closed.</summary>
		/// <value><see langword="true"/> to kill all processes when the job is closed; otherwise, <see langword="false"/>.</value>
		public bool KillOnJobClose
		{
			get => job.CheckThenGet<JOBOBJECT_EXTENDED_LIMIT_INFORMATION>().BasicLimitInformation.LimitFlags.IsFlagSet(JOBOBJECT_LIMIT_FLAGS.JOB_OBJECT_LIMIT_KILL_ON_JOB_CLOSE);
			set => job.CheckThenSet((ref JOBOBJECT_EXTENDED_LIMIT_INFORMATION i) => { i.BasicLimitInformation.LimitFlags = i.BasicLimitInformation.LimitFlags.SetFlags(JOBOBJECT_LIMIT_FLAGS.JOB_OBJECT_LIMIT_KILL_ON_JOB_CLOSE, value); });
		}

		/// <summary>
		/// <para>Gets or sets the priority class for all processes associated with the job.</para>
		/// <para>
		/// Processes and threads cannot modify their priority class. The calling process must enable the <c>SE_INC_BASE_PRIORITY_NAME</c> privilege.
		/// </para>
		/// <para>If this value is <see langword="null"/>, then this setting is disabled.</para>
		/// </summary>
		public ProcessPriorityClass? PriorityClass
		{
			get => (ProcessPriorityClass?)GetBasic(JOBOBJECT_LIMIT_FLAGS.JOB_OBJECT_LIMIT_PRIORITY_CLASS, n => n.PriorityClass);
			set => SetBasic(JOBOBJECT_LIMIT_FLAGS.JOB_OBJECT_LIMIT_PRIORITY_CLASS, value, (ref JOBOBJECT_BASIC_LIMIT_INFORMATION i) => i.PriorityClass = (uint)value.GetValueOrDefault());
		}

		/// <summary>
		/// <para>Gets or sets the scheduling class for all processes associated with the job.</para>
		/// <para>
		/// The valid values are 0 to 9. Use 0 for the least favorable scheduling class relative to other threads, and 9 for the most
		/// favorable scheduling class relative to other threads. By default, this value is 5. To use a scheduling class greater than 5, the
		/// calling process must enable the <c>SE_INC_BASE_PRIORITY_NAME</c> privilege.
		/// </para>
		/// <para>If this value is <see langword="null"/>, then this setting is disabled.</para>
		/// </summary>
		public uint? SchedulingClass
		{
			get => GetBasic(JOBOBJECT_LIMIT_FLAGS.JOB_OBJECT_LIMIT_SCHEDULING_CLASS, n => n.SchedulingClass);
			set => SetBasic(JOBOBJECT_LIMIT_FLAGS.JOB_OBJECT_LIMIT_SCHEDULING_CLASS, value, (ref JOBOBJECT_BASIC_LIMIT_INFORMATION i) => i.SchedulingClass = value.GetValueOrDefault());
		}

		/// <summary>
		/// Determines if all processes will be terminated when the end-of-job time limit has been exceeded or if only an event will be sent.
		/// The default is to terminate all processes.
		/// <para>
		/// If <see langword="true"/>, the system terminates all processes and sets the exit status to ERROR_NOT_ENOUGH_QUOTA. The processes
		/// cannot prevent or delay their own termination. The job object is set to the signaled state and remains signaled until this limit
		/// is reset. No additional processes can be assigned to the job until the limit is reset. This is the default termination action.
		/// </para>
		/// <para>
		/// If <see langword="false"/>, the system generates the <see cref="Job.EndOfJobTime"/> event. After the completion packet is posted,
		/// the system clears the end-of-job time limit, and processes in the job can continue their execution. If no completion port is
		/// associated with the job when the time limit has been exceeded, the action taken is the same as for JOB_OBJECT_TERMINATE_AT_END_OF_JOB.
		/// </para>
		/// </summary>
		public bool TerminateProcessesAtEndOfJobTimeLimit
		{
			get => job.CheckThenGet<JOBOBJECT_END_OF_JOB_TIME_INFORMATION>().EndOfJobTimeAction == JOBOBJECT_END_OF_JOB_TIME_ACTION.JOB_OBJECT_TERMINATE_AT_END_OF_JOB;
			set => job.CheckThenSet((ref JOBOBJECT_END_OF_JOB_TIME_INFORMATION i) => i.EndOfJobTimeAction = (JOBOBJECT_END_OF_JOB_TIME_ACTION)(value ? 0 : 1));
		}

		/// <summary>
		/// <para>The restriction class for the user interface. This member can be one or more of the following values.</para>
		/// <para>
		/// <list type="table">
		/// <listheader>
		/// <term>Value</term>
		/// <term>Meaning</term>
		/// </listheader>
		/// <item>
		/// <term>JOB_OBJECT_UILIMIT_DESKTOP</term>
		/// <term>
		/// Prevents processes associated with the job from creating desktops and switching desktops using the CreateDesktop and
		/// SwitchDesktop functions.
		/// </term>
		/// </item>
		/// <item>
		/// <term>JOB_OBJECT_UILIMIT_DISPLAYSETTINGS</term>
		/// <term>Prevents processes associated with the job from calling the ChangeDisplaySettings function.</term>
		/// </item>
		/// <item>
		/// <term>JOB_OBJECT_UILIMIT_EXITWINDOWS</term>
		/// <term>Prevents processes associated with the job from calling the ExitWindows or ExitWindowsEx function.</term>
		/// </item>
		/// <item>
		/// <term>JOB_OBJECT_UILIMIT_GLOBALATOMS</term>
		/// <term>
		/// Prevents processes associated with the job from accessing global atoms. When this flag is used, each job has its own atom table.
		/// </term>
		/// </item>
		/// <item>
		/// <term>JOB_OBJECT_UILIMIT_HANDLES</term>
		/// <term>Prevents processes associated with the job from using USER handles owned by processes not associated with the same job.</term>
		/// </item>
		/// <item>
		/// <term>JOB_OBJECT_UILIMIT_READCLIPBOARD</term>
		/// <term>Prevents processes associated with the job from reading data from the clipboard.</term>
		/// </item>
		/// <item>
		/// <term>JOB_OBJECT_UILIMIT_SYSTEMPARAMETERS</term>
		/// <term>Prevents processes associated with the job from changing system parameters by using the SystemParametersInfo function.</term>
		/// </item>
		/// <item>
		/// <term>JOB_OBJECT_UILIMIT_WRITECLIPBOARD</term>
		/// <term>Prevents processes associated with the job from writing data to the clipboard.</term>
		/// </item>
		/// </list>
		/// </para>
		/// </summary>
		public JOBOBJECT_UILIMIT_FLAGS UIRestrictionsClass
		{
			get => job.CheckThenGet<JOBOBJECT_BASIC_UI_RESTRICTIONS>().UIRestrictionsClass;
			set => job.CheckThenSet((ref JOBOBJECT_BASIC_UI_RESTRICTIONS i) => i.UIRestrictionsClass = value);
		}
	}

	/// <summary>Gets statistics for a job object.</summary>
	/// <seealso cref="System.IDisposable"/>
	public class JobStatistics : JobHelper
	{
		/// <summary>Initializes a new instance of the <see cref="JobStatistics"/> class with a job name.</summary>
		/// <param name="jobName">Name of the job.</param>
		public JobStatistics(string jobName) : base(jobName) { }

		/// <summary>Initializes a new instance of the <see cref="JobStatistics"/> class with a job instance.</summary>
		/// <param name="job">The job.</param>
		public JobStatistics(Job job) : base(job) { }

		/// <summary>The number of I/O operations performed, other than read and write operations.</summary>
		public ulong OtherOperationCount => job.CheckThenGet<JOBOBJECT_BASIC_AND_IO_ACCOUNTING_INFORMATION>().IoInfo.OtherOperationCount;

		/// <summary>The number of bytes transferred during operations other than read and write operations.</summary>
		public ulong OtherTransferCount => job.CheckThenGet<JOBOBJECT_BASIC_AND_IO_ACCOUNTING_INFORMATION>().IoInfo.OtherTransferCount;

		/// <summary>The peak memory usage of all processes currently associated with the job.</summary>
		public ulong PeakJobMemoryUsed => job.CheckThenGet<JOBOBJECT_EXTENDED_LIMIT_INFORMATION>().PeakJobMemoryUsed;

		/// <summary>The peak memory used by any process ever associated with the job.</summary>
		public ulong PeakProcessMemoryUsed => job.CheckThenGet<JOBOBJECT_EXTENDED_LIMIT_INFORMATION>().PeakProcessMemoryUsed;

		/// <summary>The number of read operations performed.</summary>
		public ulong ReadOperationCount => job.CheckThenGet<JOBOBJECT_BASIC_AND_IO_ACCOUNTING_INFORMATION>().IoInfo.ReadOperationCount;

		/// <summary>The number of bytes read.</summary>
		public ulong ReadTransferCount => job.CheckThenGet<JOBOBJECT_BASIC_AND_IO_ACCOUNTING_INFORMATION>().IoInfo.ReadTransferCount;

		/// <summary>
		/// <para>
		/// The total amount of kernel-mode execution time for all active processes associated with the job (as well as all terminated
		/// processes no longer associated with the job) since the last call that set a per-job kernel-mode time limit, in 100-nanosecond ticks.
		/// </para>
		/// <para>This member is set to zero on creation of the job, and each time a per-job kernel-mode time limit is established.</para>
		/// </summary>
		public TimeSpan ThisPeriodTotalKernelTime => job.CheckThenGet<JOBOBJECT_BASIC_ACCOUNTING_INFORMATION>().ThisPeriodTotalKernelTime;

		/// <summary>
		/// <para>
		/// The total amount of user-mode execution time for all active processes associated with the job (as well as all terminated
		/// processes no longer associated with the job) since the last call that set a per-job user-mode time limit, in 100-nanosecond ticks.
		/// </para>
		/// <para>This member is set to 0 on creation of the job, and each time a per-job user-mode time limit is established.</para>
		/// </summary>
		public TimeSpan ThisPeriodTotalUserTime => job.CheckThenGet<JOBOBJECT_BASIC_ACCOUNTING_INFORMATION>().ThisPeriodTotalUserTime;

		/// <summary>
		/// The total amount of kernel-mode execution time for all active processes associated with the job, as well as all terminated
		/// processes no longer associated with the job, in 100-nanosecond ticks.
		/// </summary>
		public TimeSpan TotalKernelTime => job.CheckThenGet<JOBOBJECT_BASIC_ACCOUNTING_INFORMATION>().TotalKernelTime;

		/// <summary>
		/// The total number of page faults encountered by all active processes associated with the job, as well as all terminated processes
		/// no longer associated with the job.
		/// </summary>
		public uint TotalPageFaultCount => job.CheckThenGet<JOBOBJECT_BASIC_ACCOUNTING_INFORMATION>().TotalPageFaultCount;

		/// <summary>
		/// The total number of processes associated with the job during its lifetime, including those that have terminated. For example,
		/// when a process is associated with a job, but the association fails because of a limit violation, this value is incremented.
		/// </summary>
		public uint TotalProcesses => job.CheckThenGet<JOBOBJECT_BASIC_ACCOUNTING_INFORMATION>().TotalProcesses;

		/// <summary>The total number of processes terminated because of a limit violation.</summary>
		public uint TotalTerminatedProcesses => job.CheckThenGet<JOBOBJECT_BASIC_ACCOUNTING_INFORMATION>().TotalTerminatedProcesses;

		/// <summary>
		/// The total amount of user-mode execution time for all active processes associated with the job, as well as all terminated
		/// processes no longer associated with the job, in 100-nanosecond ticks.
		/// </summary>
		public TimeSpan TotalUserTime => job.CheckThenGet<JOBOBJECT_BASIC_ACCOUNTING_INFORMATION>().TotalUserTime;

		/// <summary>The number of write operations performed.</summary>
		public ulong WriteOperationCount => job.CheckThenGet<JOBOBJECT_BASIC_AND_IO_ACCOUNTING_INFORMATION>().IoInfo.WriteOperationCount;

		/// <summary>The number of bytes written.</summary>
		public ulong WriteTransferCount => job.CheckThenGet<JOBOBJECT_BASIC_AND_IO_ACCOUNTING_INFORMATION>().IoInfo.WriteTransferCount;
	}
}